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Introduction to Aquaculture in the North Central Region
Aquaculture is defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as “the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of fish, plants, algae, and other organisms in all types of water.” Since aquaculture encompasses a myriad of species produced in multiple types of systems and in multiple waters (e.g., fresh, salt, brackish), it is often the most correct word to use when describing farming in water. Simply saying “fish farming” leaves out significant aquatic crops that are farmed.
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Conversion of Confined Animal Production Facilities and Other Unused Agriculture Buildings for Fish Culture
Tank culture offers an alternative to traditional pond aquaculture and can be used in indoor facilities such as unused barns or other buildings. Tank culture systems are examples of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). For example, equipment or structures already in place in a former hog operation can be converted for use as a RAS. By retrofitting equipment and reusing water, a RAS can be developed to produce fish in a cost-effective manner. The conversion can require a significant investment, however, so before beginning it is important to gather as much research-based information as possible and to learn about fish culture, water quality, marketing, and other aspects of aquaculture.
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Instilling a Culture of Safety in Aquaculture
Agriculture and aquaculture share many common safety risks, some being specific to each sector. Aquaculture entails unique and risky chores that pose added danger, including working around water and working at night. This publication reviews some of the most common risks and ways to prevent injury or death while working in this environment.
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Small-Scale, Year-Round Shrimp Farming in Temperate Climates
The interest in indoor shrimp aquaculture as a means of producing high-quality, fresh, never-frozen marine shrimp in practically any location is growing. Indoor shrimp production allows farmers to tap into niche markets where consumers are willing to pay a higher price for top-quality, locally grown food products. This publication provides information about some specific techniques that can be used to produce shrimp indoors.
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Understanding the Veterinary Feed Directive Order in Aquaculture
A veterinary feed directive (VFD) order is written by a licensed veterinarian to authorize the use of an approved drug in animal feed. This publication discusses VFD in aquaculture, including the processes for receiving a VFD and other questions.
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Buildings for Aquaculture Operations
As new aquaculture production in the Midwest has shifted from outdoor ponds to indoor systems, information has been needed on the useful life, efficiency, and layout of the buildings these systems are housed in. This publication discusses whether it is best to build a new structure or renovate an existing building, and considerations when designing the best growing system.
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Production of Walleye as Potential Food Fish
Walleye can be considered an emerging species for aquaculture thanks to its outstanding reputation as a food and sport fish. This publication discusses the fish in depth and examines why walleye can be a part of an aquaculture operation.
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Understanding Fish Feed Labels
Policies are implemented at the national level, in cooperation with state and local partners, to regulate fish feed. Adequate feed labeling is a requisite for commercialization as feed manufacturers must make sure their product complies with regulations, but also serves as a guideline for the fish farmer.

This publication discusses the components of a feed label and how to read and understand them.
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The Seafood HACCP Regulation and its Effects on Aquaculture
Fish processors are required by law to use preventive controls to keep unsafe products from reaching consumers. These controls are based on principles of a system called Hazzard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and focus on prevention rather than reactive measures. This publication discusses HACCP and how utilizing them can keep food safe for consumers.
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Aquatic Invasive Species HACCP in Baitfish and Aquaculture Operations
The potential exists for aquatic invasive species (AIS) to spread to uninfested waters through day-to-day operations of businesses dealing in wild harvested baitfish and aquacultured fish.

This publication discusses the AIS problem and how to minimize its risk while also detailing how to apply the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point concept.
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Leadership Development Training for Aquaculture Producers
Leadership training can be beneficial for aquaculture producers in the United State, many of which are part of a family farming business. This publication discusses how to structure a leadership development program and why they are important.
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Building and Caring for a Miniature Aquaponics System
Aquaponics is a method of sustainable agriculture that uses the symbiotic relationship between food, beneficial bacteria and plants to grow food. This publication provides step-by-step instructions for building a miniature aquaponics system that produces food while still being cost-effective.
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An Overview of Aquaponic Systems: Aquaculture Components
Aquaponics is the union of hydroponics and aquaculture for a fast, efficient method of producing both plant and fish crops. This publication discusses the aquaculture components of an aquaponics system, focusing on the design and materials needed to construct the system.
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An Overview of Aquaponic Systems: Hydroponic Components
Aquaponics is the union of hydroponics and aquaculture for a fast, efficient method of producing both plant and fish crops. This publication discusses how an aquaponics system works, showcasing the model used at Iowa State University. It provides information on construction and design, with photos used to clearly illustrate how the system works.
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Iowa Fish Processing Frequently Asked Questions
Aquaculture production is the fastest growing segment of agriculture on a global scale, and is a growing industry in Iowa. This publication addresses frequently asked questions regarding seafood and fish processing in Iowa.
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Intro Guide to Pond Management
This 27 minute guide discusses management techniques for pond management. We take a look at how size, shape, depth and location influence how ponds need to be cared for.



Presented by Allen Pattillo, Iowa State University Extension Fisheries & Aquaculture Specialist.
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Aquatic Plant Management
This 25 minute video discusses how to manage aquatic ponds and the plants that grow in them. Information is given on integrated pest management and controlling unwanted plant growth within the pond.



Presented by Allen Pattillo, Iowa State University Extension Fisheries & Aquaculture Specialist.
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Fish Stocking Guide for Iowa Ponds
This 17 minute guide to stocking fish in Iowa ponds discusses proper pond construction, choosing the right fish for the pond and correct harvesting techniques.



Presented by Allen Pattillo, Iowa State University Extension Fisheries & Aquaculture Specialist.
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Fish Health Considerations for Recirculating Aquaculture
Fish health is critical to aquaculture production. This publication discusses how stress, disease, and other issues can impact the production of fish in a predictable manner, market a high-quality product, and ultimately generate the greatest possible revenue.
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Feeding Practices for Recirculating Aquaculture
Selecting the proper feeds and feeding methods is an important aspect of fish growth. Feed considerations are a fundamental part of indoor recirculating aquaculture. This publication provides an overview of feed options and feeding practices for best results.
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Standard Operating Procedures - Feeding Practices for Recirculating Aquaculture
Feeding practices for fish are critical to aquaculture production. This publication provides an overview of standard operating procedures to implement to ensure good feeding practices and tips on what to do in case of emergency.
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Water Quality Management for Recirculating Aquaculture
Water quality is a term that reflects the overall ability of culture water to provide optimal growth conditions for the species of interest. Aquaculture producers can use this publication to learn how water quality supports fish health.
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Aquaculture Water Treatment Calculations
This publication provides take sizes and volumes to determine the best solution for fish production in your aquaculture operation.
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Aquatic Plant Management -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Discover biological, chemical and integrated management methods to control aquatic weeds.
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Freshwater Aquarium Management -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Find tips on selecting and maintaining a home aquarium. Consider tank size and shape, stand and positioning, hood, filters, air pumps, heaters, ornaments and hiding places. Also tips for fish purchasing and stocking, water changes and cleaning, disease and treatment, and algae problems.
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Use of Copper Compounds in Aquatic Systems -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Find out how to safely use copper compounds to control algae in farm ponds. Determine dosage rates for your pond size and water type, select proper tools, and know best handling methods.
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Building Quality Ponds -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
A quality pond stores the cleanest water possible. This publication describes suitable water sources and the design and maintenance of water impoundments.
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Calculation and Conversions for Fisheries -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Includes information to calculate surface areas, depth, and water volume as well as various useful conversions.
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Intensive Aquaculture Systems -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Interest in aquaculture (fish farming) is increasing. This brochure provides potential aquaculturists with information to help them objectively study the feasibility of adding intensive aquaculture to their farming enterprises.
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Water Quality -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Water, the most important component for raising fish, is often the most neglected factor. The purpose of this publication is to assist the fish farmer or pond owner in pond management.
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Farm Ponds -- Managing Iowa Fisheries
Ponds are, at times, both complex and simple ecosystems. Pond complexity depends on the food webs involving many types of organisms. This publication addresses concerns of landowners who wish to continue to enjoy their farm ponds.
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Duckweed
Learn about biological, mechanical, and chemical control of this common aquatic weed in Iowa waters.
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