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2023 Iowa Farm Costs and Returns
The farm record data utilized in this report were obtained from the Iowa Farm Business Association. The average of all farms in each table represents a weighted average of the values for each size group listed. Weighting factors are based on the number of farms in each size group in the state, as computed from the most recent Census of Agriculture.
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Acquiring Farm Machinery Services
This publication explores the advantages and disadvantages of joint ownership, custom hire, rental agreements, and leases in terms of initial capital, cash flow, repairs and maintenance, income tax deductions, and efficient management.

Previously known as PM 787.
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Joint Machinery Ownership
The key to successful joint ownership of machinery is for for partners to agree on when and how to use the equipment. This publication shares various scenarios for equitable sharing.

Previously known as PM 1373.
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Farmland Leasing Arrangements booklet
The Farmland Leasing Arrangements booklet combines many farmland leasing publications and resources in a single document. It is designed for use by farmland owners, tenants and agricultural professionals. This book complements farmland leasing meetings and provides a comprehensive set of current leasing publications from Iowa State University Extension and Outreach.

FEATURING
  • Survey Data
  • Legal and Tax Considerations
  • Cash Rent and Flexible Lease Worksheets
  • Historical Yield and Price Data
  • Lease Forms
  • Farm Management Resources
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$12.00
Employers' Instructional Guide - Training Employees Who Operate Agricultural Tractors
Training employees who operate agricultural tractors is important. This updated publication provides information on nine safe operating practices that operators should keep in mind when using tractors.
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Farm Machinery Selection
This publication helps farm managers choose the proper machine size and estimate machinery cost.
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Calibrating Liquid Tank Manure Applicators
Liquid manure can supply all the nutrients needed to attain optimum crop growth. Knowing how much manure to apply per acre and what nutrients are available and in what quantity, are keys to successfully using manure for crop production.
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Calibration Worksheet for Liquid Manure Tank Applicators
Liquid manure can supply all the nutrients needed to attain optimum crop growth. Knowing how much manure to apply per acre and what nutrients are available and in what quantity, are keys to successfully using manure for crop production.
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Estimating Field Capacity of Farm Machines
Includes ways to figure a machine's theoretical field capacity (TFC), effective field capacity (EFC), and field efficiency (FE).
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Self-Propelled Harvesting and Spraying: Machinery Ownership Versus Custom Hire
Includes advantages and disadvantages of custom hiring and information on estimating costs; includes worksheets.
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Estimated Costs for Livestock Fencing
This publication compares the costs of building a quarter mile straight perimeter fence with woven wire, barbed wire, high-tensile non-electric, and high-tensile electrified, and temporary interior fencing.
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Energy Fundamentals for Farm Lighting - Farm Energy
Find basic information about several farm lighting options for security, worker safety, livestock production, and work after dark. Also gives a brief overview of energy efficiency for lighting options.
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Sensing Nitrogen Stress in Corn
Water quality concerns and high N fertilizer prices have made more precise nitrogen management strategies important to improve efficiency and profitability. Get the details here.
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Shift Up and Throttle Back to Save Tractor Fuel | Farm Energy
Shifting up and throttling back can save tractor fuel under certain conditions. This brochure offers tips on how much you'll save and the best times to use the technique.
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Tractor Maintenance to Conserve Energy - Farm Energy
Machinery represents a significant portion of capital costs in farming operations. Learn tips to manage a well-kept fleet of machinery, able to respond to changing field conditions and other seasonal needs.
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Electric Savings: Understanding Demand and 3-phase Motor Use - Farm Energy
Sometimes simple changes can reduce energy use on the farm. Explore details on demand charges and 3-phase motors.
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Grain Test Weight Deception
Some grain dryer advertisements may be deceptive. Get the details and see an example.
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Protecting Our Water Quality with Sprayer Calibration
Proper calibration of pesticide sprayers is critical to achieve economical crop management and responsible stewardship of natural resources. Precise application minimizes potential problems while maximizing the effectiveness of the pesticide.
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Farm Electric Power Sales Tax Exemption
Fuels, including electricity, used directly in processing and production on the farm are exempt from Iowa state sales tax. To receive this exemption, a farmer must provide adequate documentation. This publication provides information, worksheets, and a sales tax exemption certificate to aid farmers.
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Adjustment and Operation of Tillage Equipment in Systems with High Levels of Surface Residue -- Conservation Tillage
This publication suggests tillage operation adjustments that may leave an additional 10 to 15 percent surface residue beyond what current practices leave with a chisel plow or disk system.
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Finding the Right Machine for the Job: Compact Power Equipment
You'll find in-depth information on buying outdoor power equipment that's best for you. Includes step-by-step instructions and detailed tables.
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Setting Combines for Harvesting Best Quality Seed and Field Corn
A pocket guide for setting combines to harvest best quality seed and field corn with the least amount of grain damage.
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Setting Combines for Harvesting Best Soybean Seed Quality and Maximum Yield
A pocket guide for setting combines to harvest best soybean seed quality and maximum yield with the least amount of grain damage.
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Improving the Uniformity of Anhydrous Ammonia Application
Learn ways to reduce application inefficiencies of anhydrous ammonia.
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On Track with Tractor Safety -- The Mystery Club
Farm safety newsletter and activities for youth, focusing on tractor safety, brought to you by Captain Overalls, the safety crusader.
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Planter Clean-out Tips When Changing Seed Varieties
As many growers move toward specialty crops, some are interested in segregating grain production by seed varieties. In the future, consumers or labeling demands may create the desire to segregate seed varieties within quality or genetic level for traits such as protein, oil, fiber, and starch content. Cleaning planter equipment prior to use is one preventative step against the rejection of a grain contract or load from uniform certification.
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New Weight Restrictions for Manure Hauling Equipment
Overview of updates for farm equipment weight restrictions. Includes weight restrictions with explanations.
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Cultivation: An Effective Weed Management Tool
Common questions are answered about relying on cultivation for inter-row weed control. Other weed management factors also are addressed, such as time, weather conditions, erosion control, and cost.
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Cultivators for No-Till and Ridge-Till -- Conservation Tillage
Get information on no-till and ridge-till equipment and management tips.
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Conveyors for Bulk Handling of Seed
Conveyors are used to fill and unload bulk seed storage bins and to transfer seed within a seed cleaning plant This publication describes commercial conveyors available and how to select one.
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Minimizing Mechanical Damage to Soybeans
Basic information on why mechanical damage occurs to soybean seed and how to minimize it.
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